This article reviews the composition of a risk communication team,nurse-led risk communication strategies and communication process for high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in foreign countries,in order to provide references for nurses to carry out theoretical research and practical work of risk communication for these groups in China.

Chronic diseases become a major problem that threatens the health of the population and affects national economy. Studies have shown that patients with high levels of self-advocacy are able to gather medical information and access external support,so that they can take the initiative to choose care and treatment that meets their needs,which enables them to better manage their diseases. While some progress has been made overseas in the study of self-advocacy for people with chronic diseases,research in this area still remains limited in China. Therefore,this paper provides an overview of the assessment tools,influencing factors and interventions of self-advocacy in people with chronic diseases,in order to offer a useful reference for the development of self-advocacy in China.

Objective To construct a hierarchical prevention scheme for venous thromboembolism（VTE） in orthopedic inpatients,so as to provide scientific and practical guidance for VTE prevention of clinical nurses. Methods Firstly,according to the evidence-based concept,researchers summarized the evidence of VTE prevention scheme,and a preliminary framework was formed. The preliminary prevention scheme consisted of 4 first-level indicators,12 second-level indicators,and 49 third-level indicators. Secondly,2 rounds of expert consultations among 23 doctors/nursing experts were conducted to determine the hierarchical prevention scheme. Results A total of 365 guidelines/expert consensuses were retrieved. Removal of duplicates was conducted for 83 articles,and 112 articles were screened out through reading abstracts. After further reading of the full text,7 guidelines and 3 expert consensuses were finally included. The hierarchical prevention scheme for VTE was constructed through expert consultations that included 4 first-level indicators,12 second-level indicators and 39 third-level indicators. The positive coefficients of experts in 2 rounds of consultations were both 100%,the authority coefficient was 0.863,and the coordination coefficients ranged from 0.111 to 0.192. Conclusion The hierarchical prevention scheme for VTE based on the Caprini scale is scientific. The results of this study can help high risk departments to establish the hierarchical prevention process and path for VTE,providing guidance basis for clinical nurses to carry out VTE prevention and improve patient safety.